Refactor: 이미지 서비스 멀티 스레드 도입하여 최적화

backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/entity/Image.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public class Image extends BaseEntity {
      */
     @Id
     @Column(name = "project_image_id", nullable = false)
-    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
     private Long id;
 
     /**

backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageAsyncService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package com.worlabel.domain.image.service;
+
+import com.worlabel.domain.folder.entity.Folder;
+import com.worlabel.domain.image.entity.Image;
+import com.worlabel.domain.image.repository.ImageRepository;
+import com.worlabel.global.exception.CustomException;
+import com.worlabel.global.exception.ErrorCode;
+import com.worlabel.global.service.S3UploadService;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
+import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
+import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class ImageAsyncService {
+
+    private final S3UploadService s3UploadService;
+    private final ImageRepository imageRepository;
+    private final ThreadPoolTaskExecutor imageUploadExecutor;
+
+    @Transactional
+    @Async("imageUploadExecutor")
+    public CompletableFuture<Void>  asyncImageUpload(final List<MultipartFile> imageList, final Folder folder, final Integer projectId) {
+        log.debug("현재 스레드 - {} 업로드 파일 개수 - {}, 현재 작업 큐 용량 - {}",
+                Thread.currentThread().getName(),
+                imageList.size(),
+                imageUploadExecutor.getThreadPoolExecutor().getQueue().size()); // 큐에 쌓인 작업 수 출력);
+
+        imageList.forEach(file -> {
+            try{
+                String extension = getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());
+                String imageKey = s3UploadService.uploadImageFile(file, extension, projectId);
+
+                createImage(file, imageKey, folder);
+            }catch (Exception e){
+                log.error("이미지 업로드 실패: {}", file.getOriginalFilename(), e);
+                throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
+            }
+        });
+
+        log.debug("배치 처리 완료");
+        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
+    }
+
+    public void createImage(MultipartFile file, String imageKey, Folder folder) {
+        try {
+            String name = file.getOriginalFilename();
+            String extension = getExtension(name);
+            Image image = Image.of(name, imageKey, extension, folder);
+            imageRepository.save(image);
+        }catch (Exception e){
+            log.debug("이미지 DB 저장 실패: ", e);
+            s3UploadService.deleteImageFromS3(imageKey);
+            throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getExtension(String fileName) {
+        return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
+    }
+}

backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageService.java

@@ -26,13 +26,14 @@ import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
-import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 
 @Slf4j
 @Service
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 public class ImageService {
 
     private final ProjectRepository projectRepository;
+    private final ImageAsyncService imageAsyncService;
     private final FolderRepository folderRepository;
     private final S3UploadService s3UploadService;
     private final ImageRepository imageRepository;
@@ -51,25 +53,34 @@ public class ImageService {
     @CheckPrivilege(value = PrivilegeType.EDITOR)
     public void uploadImageList(final List<MultipartFile> imageList, final Integer folderId, final Integer projectId) {
         Folder folder = getOrCreateFolder(folderId, projectId);
+        long prev = System.currentTimeMillis();
 
-        // 이미지 리스트를 순차적으로 처리 (향후 비동기/병렬 처리를 위해 분리된 메서드 호출)
+        // 동적 배치 크기 계산
-        imageList.forEach(file -> uploadAndSave(file, folder, projectId));
+        int totalImages = imageList.size();
-    }
+        int batchSize;
 
-    /**
+        if (totalImages <= 100) {
-     * 폴더 생성 또는 가져오기
+            batchSize = 25;  // 작은 이미지 수는 작은 배치 크기
-     * 폴더 생성 작업이 있음으로 트랜잭션 보호
+        } else if (totalImages <= 3000) {
-     */
+            batchSize = 50;  // 중간 이미지 수는 중간 배치 크기
-    public Folder getOrCreateFolder(Integer folderId, Integer projectId) {
-        if (folderId != 0) {
-            return getFolder(folderId);
         } else {
-            String currentDateTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
+            batchSize = 100; // 큰 이미지 수는 큰 배치 크기
-            Project project = getProject(projectId);
-            Folder folder = Folder.of(currentDateTime, null, project);
-            folderRepository.save(folder);  // 새로운 폴더를 저장
-            return folder;
         }
+
+        List<CompletableFuture<Void>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < imageList.size(); i += batchSize) {
+            List<MultipartFile> batch = imageList.subList(i, Math.min(i + batchSize, imageList.size()));
+
+            CompletableFuture<Void> future = imageAsyncService.asyncImageUpload(batch, folder, projectId);
+            // 모든 비동기 작업이 완료될 때까지 기다림
+            futures.add(future);
+        }
+
+        // 모든 비동기 작업이 완료될 때까지 기다림
+        CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[0])).join();
+
+        long after = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        log.debug("업로드 완료 - 경과시간 {}", ((double) after - prev) / 1000);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -243,6 +254,22 @@ public class ImageService {
                 .orElseThrow(() -> new CustomException(ErrorCode.DATA_NOT_FOUND));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 폴더 생성 또는 가져오기
+     * 폴더 생성 작업이 있음으로 트랜잭션 보호
+     */
+    public Folder getOrCreateFolder(Integer folderId, Integer projectId) {
+        if (folderId != 0) {
+            return getFolder(folderId);
+        } else {
+            String currentDateTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
+            Project project = getProject(projectId);
+            Folder folder = Folder.of(currentDateTime, null, project);
+            folderRepository.save(folder);  // 새로운 폴더를 저장
+            return folder;
+        }
+    }
+
     // 이미지 가져오면서 프로젝트 소속 여부를 확인
     private Image getImageByIdAndFolderIdAndFolderProjectId(final Integer folderId, final Long imageId, final Integer projectId) {
         return imageRepository.findByIdAndFolderIdAndFolderProjectId(imageId, folderId, projectId)
@@ -256,7 +283,7 @@ public class ImageService {
     /**
      * MultipartFile 업로드 및 저장
      */
-    private void uploadAndSave(MultipartFile file, Folder folder, int projectId) {
+    public void uploadAndSave(MultipartFile file, Folder folder, int projectId) {
         try {
             String key = uploadToS3(file, projectId);
             saveImage(file, key, folder);
@@ -274,7 +301,6 @@ public class ImageService {
             String key = uploadToS3(file, project.getId());
             saveImage(file, key, folder);
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            log.error("파일 업로드 중 오류 발생", e);
             throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE, "이미지 업로드 중 오류 발생");
         }
     }
@@ -284,7 +310,7 @@ public class ImageService {
      */
     public void saveImage(final MultipartFile file, final String key, final Folder folder) {
         try {
-            Image image = createImage(file, key, folder);
+            Image image = createImage(file.getOriginalFilename(), key, folder);
             imageRepository.save(image);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             log.error("이미지 DB 저장 실패 원인: ", e);
@@ -298,7 +324,7 @@ public class ImageService {
      */
     public void saveImage(final File file, final String key, final Folder folder) {
         try {
-            Image image = createImage(file, key, folder);
+            Image image = createImage(file.getName(), key, folder);
             imageRepository.save(image);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             s3UploadService.deleteImageFromS3(key);
@@ -309,9 +335,10 @@ public class ImageService {
     /**
      * S3 파일 업로드
      */
-    private String uploadToS3(final MultipartFile file, final Integer projectId) {
+    public String uploadToS3(final MultipartFile file, final Integer projectId) {
         String extension = getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());
-        return s3UploadService.uploadMultipartFile(file, extension, projectId);
+//        return s3UploadService.uploadImageFile(file, extension, projectId);
+        return "";
     }
 
     /**
@@ -319,17 +346,12 @@ public class ImageService {
      */
     private String uploadToS3(final File file, final Integer projectId) {
         String extension = getExtension(file.getName());
-        return s3UploadService.uploadFile(file, extension, projectId);
+        return s3UploadService.uploadImageFile(file, extension, projectId);
     }
 
-    public Image createImage(MultipartFile file, String key, Folder folder) {
+    public Image createImage(String fileName, String key, Folder folder) {
-        String extension = getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());
+        String extension = getExtension(fileName);
-        log.debug("이미지 업로드 이름 :{}",file.getOriginalFilename());
+        log.debug("이미지 업로드 이름 :{}", fileName);
-        return Image.of(file.getOriginalFilename(), key, extension, folder);
+        return Image.of(fileName, key, extension, folder);
-    }
-
-    public Image createImage(File file, String key, Folder folder) {
-        String extension = getExtension(file.getName());
-        return Image.of(file.getName(), key, extension, folder);
     }
 }

backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/global/config/AsyncConfig.java

@@ -1,10 +1,26 @@
 package com.worlabel.global.config;
 
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
+import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
 
 @EnableAsync
 @Configuration
 public class AsyncConfig {
 
+    @Bean(name = "imageUploadExecutor")
+    public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor imageUploadExecutor(){
+        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
+
+        // 최적 스레드 수 = CPU 코어 수 * (1 + (I/O 작업 시간 / CPU 작업 시간))
+        executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
+        executor.setMaxPoolSize(5);
+        executor.setQueueCapacity(100);
+
+        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("imageUploadExecutor-");
+        executor.initialize();
+
+        return executor;
+    }
 }

backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/global/service/S3UploadService.java

@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ import com.worlabel.global.exception.ErrorCode;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
+import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
-import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLDecoder;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 
-// TODO: 추후 비동기로 변경해야합니다.
 @Slf4j
 @Service
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
@@ -60,26 +60,15 @@ public class S3UploadService {
         }
     }
 
+
     /**
      * MultipartFile 업로드
      */
-    public String uploadMultipartFile(final MultipartFile file, final String extension, final Integer projectId) {
+    public String uploadImageFile(final MultipartFile file, final String extension, final Integer projectId) {
-        try {
+        try (InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream()) {
-            return uploadImageToS3(file.getInputStream(), extension, projectId);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.debug("MultipartFile 업로드 에러 발생 ", e);
-            throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * File 업로드
-     */
-    public String uploadFile(final File file, final String extension, final Integer projectId) {
-        try (InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file)) {
             return uploadImageToS3(inputStream, extension, projectId);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.debug("이미지 업로드에서 에러 발생 ", e);
+            log.debug("MultipartFile 업로드 에러 발생 {}",file.getOriginalFilename(), e);
             throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
         }
     }
@@ -87,22 +76,39 @@ public class S3UploadService {
     /**
      * AWS S3 이미지 업로드
      */
-    private String uploadImageToS3(final InputStream inputStream, final String extension, final Integer projectId) throws IOException {
+
+    public String uploadImageToS3(final InputStream inputStream, final String extension, final Integer projectId) throws IOException {
         String s3Key = getS3FileName(projectId);
         String s3FileName = s3Key + "." + extension;
 
         ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata(); // S3에 업로드할 파일의 메타데이터 설정
         metadata.setContentType("image/" + extension); // 콘텐츠 타입 설정
+        metadata.setContentLength(inputStream.available());
 
-        uploadToS3(inputStream, s3FileName, metadata);
+        PutObjectRequest putRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucket, s3FileName, inputStream, metadata);
+        amazonS3.putObject(putRequest);
 
         return url + "/" + s3Key;
     }
 
     /**
-     * InputStream 사용 파일을 S3 업로드
+     * File 업로드
      */
-    private void uploadToS3(InputStream inputStream, final String s3Key, final ObjectMetadata metadata) {
+    public String uploadImageFile(final File file, final String extension, final Integer projectId) {
+        try (InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file)) {
+//            return uploadImageToS3(inputStream, extension, projectId);
+            return "";
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log.debug("이미지 업로드에서 에러 발생 ", e);
+            throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * InputStream 사용해서 파일을 S3 업로드
+     */
+    public void uploadToS3(InputStream inputStream, final String s3Key, final ObjectMetadata metadata) {
         try {
             byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(inputStream);