diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageAsyncService.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageAsyncService.java
index b4ca8d5..e6e07f6 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageAsyncService.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageAsyncService.java
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
 import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
@@ -30,19 +29,18 @@ public class ImageAsyncService {
 
     @Async("imageUploadExecutor")
     @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)
-    public CompletableFuture<Void>  asyncImageUpload(final List<MultipartFile> imageFileList, final Folder folder, final Integer projectId) {
+    public CompletableFuture<Void> asyncImageUpload(final List<MultipartFile> imageFileList, final Folder folder, final Integer projectId) {
         log.debug("현재 스레드 - {} 업로드 파일 개수 - {}, 현재 작업 큐 용량 - {}",
                 Thread.currentThread().getName(),
                 imageFileList.size(),
-                imageUploadExecutor.getThreadPoolExecutor().getQueue().size()); // 큐에 쌓인 작업 수 출력);
+                imageUploadExecutor.getThreadPoolExecutor().getQueue().size()
+        ); // 큐에 쌓인 작업 수 출력);
 
         imageFileList.forEach(file -> {
-            try{
-                String extension = getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());
-                String imageKey = s3UploadService.uploadImageFile(file, extension, projectId);
-
+            try {
+                String imageKey = imageUpload(projectId, file);
                 createImage(file, imageKey, folder);
-            }catch (Exception e){
+            } catch (Exception e) {
                 log.error("이미지 업로드 실패: {}", file.getOriginalFilename(), e);
                 throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
             }
@@ -52,15 +50,19 @@ public class ImageAsyncService {
         return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
     }
 
-    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,isolation = Isolation.READ_COMMITTED)
+    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
+    public String imageUpload(Integer projectId, MultipartFile file) {
+        String extension = getExtension(file.getOriginalFilename());
+        return s3UploadService.uploadImageFile(file, extension, projectId);
+    }
+
     public void createImage(MultipartFile file, String imageKey, Folder folder) {
         try {
             String name = file.getOriginalFilename();
             String extension = getExtension(name);
-            log.debug("image 파일 {} {} {} {}", name, extension, imageKey, folder.getId());
             Image image = Image.of(name, imageKey, extension, folder);
             imageRepository.save(image);
-        }catch (Exception e){
+        } catch (Exception e) {
             log.debug("이미지 DB 저장 실패: ", e);
             s3UploadService.deleteImageFromS3(imageKey);
             throw new CustomException(ErrorCode.FAIL_TO_CREATE_FILE);
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageService.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageService.java
index a98c51e..d055599 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageService.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/image/service/ImageService.java
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 @Slf4j
 @Service
-@Transactional
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public class ImageService {
 
@@ -56,9 +55,8 @@ public class ImageService {
     @CheckPrivilege(value = PrivilegeType.EDITOR)
     public void uploadImageList(final List<MultipartFile> imageList, final Integer folderId, final Integer projectId) {
         Folder folder = getOrCreateFolder(folderId, projectId);
-        folderRepository.flush();
 
-        log.debug("folder Id {}, Project Id {}",folder.getId(), folder.getProject().getId());
+        log.debug("folder Id {}, Project Id {}", folder.getId(), folder.getProject().getId());
         long prev = System.currentTimeMillis();
 
         // 동적 배치 크기 계산
@@ -78,7 +76,6 @@ public class ImageService {
             List<MultipartFile> batch = imageList.subList(i, Math.min(i + batchSize, imageList.size()));
 
             CompletableFuture<Void> future = imageAsyncService.asyncImageUpload(batch, folder, projectId);
-            // 모든 비동기 작업이 완료될 때까지 기다림
             futures.add(future);
         }
 
@@ -308,7 +305,8 @@ public class ImageService {
             String currentDateTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
             Project project = getProject(projectId);
             Folder folder = Folder.of(currentDateTime, null, project);
-            folderRepository.save(folder);  // 새로운 폴더를 저장
+            folderRepository.saveAndFlush(folder);  // 새로운 폴더를 저장
+
             return folder;
         }
     }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/project/entity/Project.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/project/entity/Project.java
index 1d8ab5c..e2bccf5 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/project/entity/Project.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/worlabel/domain/project/entity/Project.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.worlabel.domain.project.entity;
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
+import com.worlabel.domain.folder.entity.Folder;
 import com.worlabel.domain.labelcategory.entity.ProjectCategory;
 import com.worlabel.domain.model.entity.AiModel;
 import com.worlabel.domain.workspace.entity.Workspace;
@@ -54,6 +55,12 @@ public class Project extends BaseEntity {
     @OneToMany(mappedBy = "project", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
     private List<ProjectCategory> categoryList = new ArrayList<>();
 
+    /**
+     * 프로젝트에 속한 폴더
+     */
+    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "project", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
+    private List<Folder> folderList = new ArrayList<>();
+
     /**
      * 프로젝트에 속한 모델
      */
@@ -74,4 +81,8 @@ public class Project extends BaseEntity {
         this.title = title;
         this.projectType = projectType;
     }
+
+    public void createFolder(final Folder folder) {
+        folderList.add(folder);
+    }
 }